[{"_1":2,"_3":-5,"_4":-5},"loaderData",{"_5":6,"_7":8},"actionData","errors","root",{"_885":886,"_887":888},"routes/tour",{"_9":10,"_11":12,"_13":14,"_15":16,"_17":18},"tenant","atlanta-history-center","tour_set",{"_35":258,"_31":-5,"_879":-5,"_880":-5,"_881":72,"_882":-5,"_883":-5,"_884":10},"tour",{"_19":20,"_21":22,"_23":24,"_25":26,"_27":28,"_29":30,"_31":32,"_33":34,"_35":36,"_37":38,"_39":-5,"_40":-5,"_41":-5,"_42":-5,"_43":44,"_45":46,"_47":48,"_49":50,"_51":52,"_53":-5,"_54":38,"_55":56,"_57":58,"_59":26,"_60":26,"_61":48,"_62":63,"_64":16,"_65":66,"_67":68,"_69":70,"_9":10,"_71":72,"_73":74,"_75":76,"_77":78,"_79":13,"_80":81,"_82":38},"tourParam","oakland-city-bush-mountain-history-tour","stopParam","west-atlanta-watershed-alliance-wawa-outdoor-activity-center","_index","otb_atlanta-history-center_tours_production_20260910134352772","_id","5","_score",1,"blank_map",false,"bounds",{"_867":868,"_869":870,"_871":872,"_873":874,"_875":876,"_877":878},"default_lng","en-US","description","

Oakland City was annexed into the city of Atlanta in 1910. Until the 1960s, the neighborhood was a strictly segregated white, blue collar settlement. In the mid-twentieth century, Ku Klux Klan members met in Oakland City and African Americans regarded Oakland Avenue as a clear barrier to safe movement. For more than 100 years, Bush Mountain has existed as a thriving African American community on a bit more than two streets within the Oakland City district.

For much of its history, the Bush Mountain community was fairly isolated, though just a few miles from Downtown Atlanta. Almost all public utilities came to Bush Mountain later than other parts of Atlanta. It wasn’t until the mid-1950s that the streets were finally paved and mailboxes were placed in front of each home. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, as housing discrimination became illegal and white flight took root, the broader neighborhood became predominately African American. Today Bush Mountain still maintains a distinct identity but maintains close ties with Oakland City neighbors. Each space has made a dramatic and lasting impact on the city and, together, they form a core historic district in Southwest Atlanta.

The Atlanta History Center invites you to explore the past and present sites in Oakland City and Bush Mountain, two distinct neighborhoods with intertwined histories. Join us to explore the rich history and experience the hidden gems scattered around the neighborhoods. You can follow the directions and view the map by clicking the circular map icon in the right. . After you have reached each location, return to pictures and information about each historical location by clicking the circular \"i\" icon. We hope you enjoy this driving tour around Oakland City and Bush Mountain. ","flat_pages",[],"id",5,"is_geo",true,"link_address","link_text","map_icon","map_overlay","map_type","hybrid","media",[849,850],"meta_description","Oakland City was annexed into the city of Atlanta in 1910. Until the 1960s, the neighborhood was a strictly segregated white, blue collar settlement. In the mid-twentieth century, Ku Klux Klan members met in Oakland City and African Americans regarded Oakland Avenue as a clear barrier to safe movement. For more than 100 years, Bush Mountain has existed as a thriving African American community on a bit more than two streets within the Oakland City district. For much of its history, the Bush Mountain community was fairly isolated, though just a few miles from Downtown Atlanta. Almost all public utilities came to Bush Mountain later than other parts of Atlanta. It wasn’t until the mid-1950s that the streets were finally paved and mailboxes were placed in front of each home. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, as housing discrimination became illegal and white flight took root, the broader neighborhood became predominately African American. Today Bush Mountain still maintains a distinct identity but maintains close ties with Oakland City neighbors. Each space has made a dramatic and lasting impact on the city and, together, they form a core historic district in Southwest Atlanta. The Atlanta History Center invites you to explore the past and present sites in Oakland City and Bush Mountain, two distinct neighborhoods with intertwined histories. Join us to explore the rich history and experience the hidden gems scattered around the neighborhoods. You can follow the directions and view the map by clicking the circular map icon in the right. . After you have reached each location, return to pictures and information about each historical location by clicking the circular \"i\" icon. We hope you enjoy this driving tour around Oakland City and Bush Mountain. ","mode",{"_35":138,"_73":847},"modes",[841,842,843,844],"open_geographies_endpoint","published","published_on","2026-09-10","read_duration","9 minutes reading","restrict_bounds","restrict_bounds_to_overlay","sanitized_description","splash",{"_73":839,"_131":-5,"_132":840},"slug","slugs",[134,837,838,16],"stop_count",13,"stops",[84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96],"tenant_title","Atlanta History Center","title","Oakland City & Bush Mountain History Tour","travel_duration","17 minutes driving","theme",{"_35":24,"_73":83},"type","voice_overs",[],"use_directions","default",{"_97":796,"_98":24,"_99":-5,"_101":797,"_103":798,"_105":-5,"_31":799,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":794,"_112":800,"_114":801,"_41":-5,"_45":802,"_47":803,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":804,"_64":18,"_65":805,"_62":806,"_73":795,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":807},{"_97":741,"_98":138,"_99":742,"_101":743,"_103":744,"_105":-5,"_31":745,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":738,"_112":746,"_114":747,"_41":-5,"_45":748,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":749,"_64":739,"_65":750,"_62":751,"_73":740,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":752},{"_97":706,"_98":317,"_99":707,"_101":708,"_103":709,"_105":-5,"_31":710,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":703,"_112":711,"_114":712,"_41":-5,"_45":713,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":714,"_64":704,"_65":715,"_62":716,"_73":705,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":717},{"_97":651,"_98":303,"_99":652,"_101":653,"_103":654,"_105":-5,"_31":655,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":648,"_112":565,"_114":566,"_41":-5,"_45":656,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":657,"_64":649,"_65":658,"_62":659,"_73":650,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":660},{"_97":560,"_98":36,"_99":561,"_101":562,"_103":563,"_105":-5,"_31":564,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":557,"_112":565,"_114":566,"_41":-5,"_45":567,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":568,"_64":558,"_65":569,"_62":570,"_73":559,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":571},{"_97":525,"_98":279,"_99":526,"_101":527,"_103":528,"_105":-5,"_31":529,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":522,"_112":530,"_114":531,"_41":-5,"_45":532,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":533,"_64":523,"_65":534,"_62":535,"_73":524,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":536},{"_97":489,"_98":490,"_99":491,"_101":492,"_103":493,"_105":-5,"_31":494,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":486,"_112":495,"_114":496,"_41":-5,"_45":497,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":498,"_64":487,"_65":499,"_62":500,"_73":488,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":501},{"_97":419,"_98":420,"_99":421,"_101":422,"_103":423,"_105":-5,"_31":424,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":416,"_112":425,"_114":426,"_41":-5,"_45":427,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":428,"_64":417,"_65":429,"_62":430,"_73":418,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":431},{"_97":350,"_98":351,"_99":352,"_101":353,"_103":354,"_105":-5,"_31":355,"_107":-5,"_108":356,"_109":110,"_35":347,"_112":357,"_114":358,"_41":-5,"_45":359,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":360,"_64":348,"_65":361,"_62":362,"_73":349,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":363},{"_97":257,"_98":258,"_99":259,"_101":260,"_103":261,"_105":-5,"_31":262,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":254,"_112":263,"_114":264,"_41":-5,"_45":265,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":266,"_64":255,"_65":267,"_62":268,"_73":256,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":269},{"_97":221,"_98":222,"_99":223,"_101":224,"_103":225,"_105":-5,"_31":226,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":218,"_112":113,"_114":115,"_41":-5,"_45":227,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":226,"_64":219,"_65":228,"_62":229,"_73":220,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":230},{"_97":181,"_98":182,"_99":183,"_101":184,"_103":185,"_105":-5,"_31":186,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":178,"_112":187,"_114":188,"_41":-5,"_45":189,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":190,"_64":179,"_65":191,"_62":192,"_73":180,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":193},{"_97":-5,"_98":68,"_99":100,"_101":102,"_103":104,"_105":-5,"_31":106,"_107":-5,"_108":-5,"_109":110,"_35":111,"_112":113,"_114":115,"_41":-5,"_45":116,"_47":117,"_118":26,"_119":-5,"_120":-5,"_54":38,"_61":121,"_64":122,"_65":123,"_62":124,"_73":125,"_79":126,"_127":-5,"_128":-5,"_80":129},"next","position","previous",{"_35":178,"_64":179,"_73":180},"relation_id",263,"address","986 Oakland Drive SW, Atlanta, Georgia, 30310","article_link","

Special Thanks to

Bush Mountain

Fahamu Pecou

Oakland City Community Organization

West Atlanta Watershed Alliance

Performers

John Dorsey (as William Finch)

Damien Lockhart (as James \"Red\" Moore)

Photo Credits

Atlanta History Center, Kenan Research Center

Bush Mountain

Fahamu Pecou

Hargrett Rare Book Library, University of Georgia Libraries

Historic Oakland Foundation

Library of Congress

National Park Service

New York Times

US Military Academy Special Collections

West Atlanta Watershed Alliance

","direction_intro","direction_notes","icon_color","#D32F2F",203,"lat",33.7281454,"lng",-84.4269292,[135,136],"","orphaned","parking_lat","parking_lng","Special Thanks toBush Mountain Fahamu PecouOakland City Community Organization West Atlanta Watershed Alliance PerformersJohn Dorsey (as William Finch) Damien Lockhart (as James \"Red\" Moore) Photo CreditsAtlanta History Center, Kenan Research Center Bush Mountain Fahamu PecouHargrett Rare Book Library, University of Georgia LibrariesHistoric Oakland Foundation Library of Congress National Park Service New York Times US Military Academy Special Collections West Atlanta Watershed Alliance ","special-thanks",[134,122],{"_73":130,"_131":-5,"_132":133},"Special Thanks ","stop","video_embed","video_poster",[],"Special Thanks -2.png","caption","url","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ntg56f5zy7hzd8t18ihlzjd2yszl?variant=desktop","untitled",{"_101":168,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":170,"_145":171,"_35":137,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":170,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":130,"_157":-5},{"_101":137,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":140,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_35":147,"_148":-5,"_149":150,"_151":144,"_152":153,"_154":155,"_73":156,"_157":-5},408,2,"desktop_width",1424,"embed","embed_id","filename","15973506902.png","files",{"_158":159,"_160":161,"_162":163,"_164":165,"_166":167},407,"lqip_width","mobile_width",285,"original_image","provider","keiner","tablet_width",712,"Special Thanks .png","video","original","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/jcghq3m4cmbppprnxk90g00at1a3","mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/jcghq3m4cmbppprnxk90g00at1a3?variant=mobile","tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/jcghq3m4cmbppprnxk90g00at1a3?variant=tablet","desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/jcghq3m4cmbppprnxk90g00at1a3?variant=desktop","lqip","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/jcghq3m4cmbppprnxk90g00at1a3?variant=lqip",409,1500,"15982892316.png",{"_158":174,"_160":175,"_162":176,"_164":133,"_166":177},300,750,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ntg56f5zy7hzd8t18ihlzjd2yszl","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ntg56f5zy7hzd8t18ihlzjd2yszl?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ntg56f5zy7hzd8t18ihlzjd2yszl?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ntg56f5zy7hzd8t18ihlzjd2yszl?variant=lqip",159,"associated-notes-singers-center","Associated Notes Singers Center",{"_35":111,"_64":122,"_73":125},12,{"_35":218,"_64":219,"_73":220},208,"985 Oakland Dr SW Atlanta GA 30310","

Shape note singing is a practice of social singing (usually choir singing) using music books that print note heads in distinct shapes to indicate their scale and solmization syllable (i.e. fa, sol, la, di, etc.) These markings are quite different from traditional European notations. The musical style is sometimes referred to as Sacred Harp after a popular shape note tunebook written by B. F. White and E. J. King. The author Benjamin Franklin White was buried in Oakland cemetery. While this tradition is not uniquely African American, it was embraced and expanded by many black gospel in the late 1800s. The singing style is still practiced by gospel groups such as the Associated Notes singers, an Oakland City-based group that still performs at its Bridges Street Center, and on tours throughout the state.

Conclusion

Thank you for exploring Bush Mountain and Oakland City with Atlanta History Center. Please share your photos and comments on our Facebook and Instagram platforms. Don’t forget to tag them #ATLNeighbors

",33.7282203,-84.4276267,[198,199],"Shape note singing is a practice of social singing (usually choir singing) using music books that print note heads in distinct shapes to indicate their scale and solmization syllable (i. e. fa, sol, la, di, etc.) These markings are quite different from traditional European notations. The musical style is sometimes referred to as Sacred Harp after a popular shape note tunebook written by B. F. White and E. J. King. The author Benjamin Franklin White was buried in Oakland cemetery. While this tradition is not uniquely African American, it was embraced and expanded by many black gospel in the late 1800s. The singing style is still practiced by gospel groups such as the Associated Notes singers, an Oakland City-based group that still performs at its Bridges Street Center, and on tours throughout the state. ConclusionThank you for exploring Bush Mountain and Oakland City with Atlanta History Center. Please share your photos and comments on our Facebook and Instagram platforms. Don’t forget to tag them #ATLNeighbors",[134,196,197,179],{"_73":194,"_131":-5,"_132":195},[],"Associated Notes Singers.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/px3ju83w9f1t12tla63ojwisvdtc?variant=desktop","bush-mtn-association-westhills-presbyterian","associated-notes-singers-black-shape-note-singers",{"_101":210,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":211,"_145":212,"_35":213,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":211,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":194,"_157":-5},{"_101":200,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":201,"_145":202,"_35":203,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":201,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":204,"_157":-5},392,"15961196425.jpeg",{"_158":205,"_160":206,"_162":207,"_164":208,"_166":209},390,"Sacred Harp Songbook .jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/xteyu0pqghxwqxg00f6irm57kvam","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/xteyu0pqghxwqxg00f6irm57kvam?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/xteyu0pqghxwqxg00f6irm57kvam?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/xteyu0pqghxwqxg00f6irm57kvam?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/xteyu0pqghxwqxg00f6irm57kvam?variant=lqip",389,"15960593048.jpeg",{"_158":214,"_160":215,"_162":216,"_164":195,"_166":217},387,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/px3ju83w9f1t12tla63ojwisvdtc","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/px3ju83w9f1t12tla63ojwisvdtc?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/px3ju83w9f1t12tla63ojwisvdtc?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/px3ju83w9f1t12tla63ojwisvdtc?variant=lqip",156,"kawo-studio-of-visual-artist-fahamu-pecou","KAWO, Studio of Visual Artist Fahamu Pecou",{"_35":178,"_64":179,"_73":180},11,{"_35":254,"_64":255,"_73":256},205,"986 Oakland Drive SW, Atlanta, GA 30310","Nestled on the corner of Oakland Drive and Merrill Avenue lies the studio of esteemed visual artist Fahamu Pecou. The award-winning artist found creative solace within the Oakland City community following an untimely fire at his original Inman Park studio in 2018. Pecou is both a scholar and visual/performing artist who explores themes of black masculinity, black identity and dissects popular culture through his dynamic, acrylic on canvas works. His art is featured in the permanent collections of a plethora of art institutions and is also featured in various exhibitions nationally and internationally.",[235,236],[134,233,234,219],{"_73":231,"_131":-5,"_132":232},[],"KAWO_1.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/pci8kgtmcs5ldfu71pfmzb5y9fm7?variant=desktop","oakland-city-transit","studio-of-visual-artist-fahamu-pecou",{"_101":247,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":248,"_145":249,"_35":237,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":248,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":231,"_157":-5},{"_101":237,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":238,"_145":239,"_35":240,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":238,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":241,"_157":-5},405,"15965512660.jpeg",{"_158":242,"_160":243,"_162":244,"_164":245,"_166":246},404,"KAWO_2.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/t0qllj5irhkruq67oxrc7nigqczc","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/t0qllj5irhkruq67oxrc7nigqczc?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/t0qllj5irhkruq67oxrc7nigqczc?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/t0qllj5irhkruq67oxrc7nigqczc?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/t0qllj5irhkruq67oxrc7nigqczc?variant=lqip",406,"15965522812.jpeg",{"_158":250,"_160":251,"_162":252,"_164":232,"_166":253},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/pci8kgtmcs5ldfu71pfmzb5y9fm7","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/pci8kgtmcs5ldfu71pfmzb5y9fm7?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/pci8kgtmcs5ldfu71pfmzb5y9fm7?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/pci8kgtmcs5ldfu71pfmzb5y9fm7?variant=lqip",150,"james-orange-park","James Orange Park",{"_35":218,"_64":219,"_73":220},10,{"_35":347,"_64":348,"_73":349},199,"1305 Oakland DR SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

Oakland City Park was established shortly after Oakland City was incorporated as a municipality in 1894. The 26-acre area was portioned from an estate owned by brick manufacturer Warren Albert Belk. According to the area's National Register of Historic Places documents, the area became an Atlanta City park with the annexation of Oakland City in 1910. In 1931, the stone pillars flanking the park’s entranced were placed. The plaque placed at that time renamed the grounds J. O. Cochran Park for the park commissioner at that time. Cochran was an Oakland City resident. In a radical departure from its history as a segregated space for whites only that earned notoriety for allegedly hosting Ku Klux Klan meetings, the park has been renamed in honor of Civil Rights Movement veteran and labor activist Reverend James Orange.

Today, James Orange Park includes 26 acres of rolling lawns, mature trees, tennis courts, a swimming pool, basketball courts, rolling lawns, mature trees, and a number of other recreational facilities. This restoration was the result of collaborations between community members and Park Pride to redevelop 15 acres of deteriorating, inaccessible space into a user-friendly location with brand new facilities.

",33.71853,-84.4287636,[272,273,274,275,276,277],"Oakland City Park was established shortly after Oakland City was incorporated as a municipality in 1894. The 26-acre area was portioned from an estate owned by brick manufacturer Warren Albert Belk. According to the area's National Register of Historic Places documents, the area became an Atlanta City park with the annexation of Oakland City in 1910. In 1931, the stone pillars flanking the park’s entranced were placed. The plaque placed at that time renamed the grounds J. O. Cochran Park for the park commissioner at that time. Cochran was an Oakland City resident. In a radical departure from its history as a segregated space for whites only that earned notoriety for allegedly hosting Ku Klux Klan meetings, the park has been renamed in honor of Civil Rights Movement veteran and labor activist Reverend James Orange. Today, James Orange Park includes 26 acres of rolling lawns, mature trees, tennis courts, a swimming pool, basketball courts, rolling lawns, mature trees, and a number of other recreational facilities. This restoration was the result of collaborations between community members and Park Pride to redevelop 15 acres of deteriorating, inaccessible space into a user-friendly location with brand new facilities.",[134,255],{"_73":270,"_131":-5,"_132":271},[],"James Orange Park Landscape","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/axzcwantex81ct1l6v44hn3ab5yh?variant=desktop",{"_101":295,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":340,"_145":341,"_35":342,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":340,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":270,"_157":-5},{"_101":327,"_98":138,"_131":117,"_139":328,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":329,"_145":330,"_35":331,"_148":-5,"_149":332,"_151":329,"_152":153,"_154":333,"_73":334,"_157":117},{"_101":316,"_98":317,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":318,"_145":319,"_35":320,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":318,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":321,"_157":117},{"_101":302,"_98":303,"_131":117,"_139":304,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":305,"_145":306,"_35":307,"_148":-5,"_149":308,"_151":305,"_152":153,"_154":309,"_73":310,"_157":117},{"_101":292,"_98":36,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":293,"_145":294,"_35":295,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":293,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":296,"_157":-5},{"_101":278,"_98":279,"_131":-5,"_139":280,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":281,"_145":282,"_35":283,"_148":-5,"_149":284,"_151":281,"_152":153,"_154":285,"_73":286,"_157":-5},397,6,1188,"15962038444.jpeg",{"_158":287,"_160":288,"_162":289,"_164":290,"_166":291},395,238,594,"James Orange - NYT Image.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/x7ciygtroqassloi25dhkthaoduw","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/x7ciygtroqassloi25dhkthaoduw?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/x7ciygtroqassloi25dhkthaoduw?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/x7ciygtroqassloi25dhkthaoduw?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/x7ciygtroqassloi25dhkthaoduw?variant=lqip",388,"15960572727.jpeg",{"_158":297,"_160":298,"_162":299,"_164":300,"_166":301},386,"Rev. James Orange, SCLC field organizer.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/eeitjvd49u2pgvje5a9vvl8js1iy","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/eeitjvd49u2pgvje5a9vvl8js1iy?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/eeitjvd49u2pgvje5a9vvl8js1iy?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/eeitjvd49u2pgvje5a9vvl8js1iy?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/eeitjvd49u2pgvje5a9vvl8js1iy?variant=lqip",318,4,1204,"james_orange_.png",{"_158":311,"_160":312,"_162":313,"_164":314,"_166":315},322,241,602,"Rev. James Orange & Dr. MLK","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ge200tlm8pjgg0oe0z2vbml4x6sd","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ge200tlm8pjgg0oe0z2vbml4x6sd?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ge200tlm8pjgg0oe0z2vbml4x6sd?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ge200tlm8pjgg0oe0z2vbml4x6sd?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ge200tlm8pjgg0oe0z2vbml4x6sd?variant=lqip",288,3,"JO_Park.jpg",{"_158":322,"_160":323,"_162":324,"_164":325,"_166":326},291,"James Orange Park Pool","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i9zv0vlbues2b4gem8xe39u5i26r","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i9zv0vlbues2b4gem8xe39u5i26r?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i9zv0vlbues2b4gem8xe39u5i26r?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i9zv0vlbues2b4gem8xe39u5i26r?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i9zv0vlbues2b4gem8xe39u5i26r?variant=lqip",286,1232,"James_Orange_Park.jpg",{"_158":335,"_160":336,"_162":337,"_164":338,"_166":339},289,246,616,"James Orange Park.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rm6pig8k4qr555rna0pctcti5hgc","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rm6pig8k4qr555rna0pctcti5hgc?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rm6pig8k4qr555rna0pctcti5hgc?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rm6pig8k4qr555rna0pctcti5hgc?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rm6pig8k4qr555rna0pctcti5hgc?variant=lqip","15958613818.jpeg",{"_158":343,"_160":344,"_162":345,"_164":271,"_166":346},384,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/axzcwantex81ct1l6v44hn3ab5yh","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/axzcwantex81ct1l6v44hn3ab5yh?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/axzcwantex81ct1l6v44hn3ab5yh?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/axzcwantex81ct1l6v44hn3ab5yh?variant=lqip",157,"gilliam-s-community-garden","Gilliam's Community Garden",{"_35":254,"_64":255,"_73":256},9,{"_35":416,"_64":417,"_73":418},206,"1286 Oakland Terrace SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","In 2011, Gilliam’s Community Garden was founded by Lovey and Prentiss Gilliam to be an ecological beacon in the Oakland City community. The garden is a pesticide-free oasis filled with not only flora but various birds and fauna as well. It is one of the few places in Atlanta where one can obtain fresh, organic produce and learn how to produce it, too. Offering hands-on workshops, Gilliam’s Community Garden is an agricultural center and educational hub. That work includes partnering with elementary schools to create curricula that strengthen STEM skills through horticulture. As a neighborhood resource working to provide high-quality food at reasonable costs, the Garden also partners with local assisted living facilities and uses its bus as a mobile farmers market, creating access to nutritious foods in urban food deserts.","You should spot the garden's green Mobile Market bus to your right alongside a pathway.",33.7208408,-84.4300062,[366,367,368,369,370],"In 2011, Gilliam’s Community Garden was founded by Lovey and Prentiss Gilliam to be an ecological beacon in the Oakland City community. The garden is a pesticide-free oasis filled with not only flora but various birds and fauna as well. It is one of the few places in Atlanta where one can obtain fresh, organic produce and learn how to produce it, too. Offering hands-on workshops, Gilliam’s Community Garden is an agricultural center and educational hub. That work includes partnering with elementary schools to create curricula that strengthen STEM skills through horticulture. As a neighborhood resource working to provide high-quality food at reasonable costs, the Garden also partners with local assisted living facilities and uses its bus as a mobile farmers market, creating access to nutritious foods in urban food deserts.",[134,348],{"_73":364,"_131":117,"_132":365},[],"Gilliam's Garden Sign","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/mz3ym8u8j2ir6w53lqd2qv8g8h44?variant=desktop",{"_101":408,"_98":24,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":409,"_145":410,"_35":411,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":409,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":364,"_157":117},{"_101":398,"_98":138,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":399,"_145":400,"_35":401,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":399,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":402,"_157":117},{"_101":388,"_98":317,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":389,"_145":390,"_35":391,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":389,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":392,"_157":-5},{"_101":203,"_98":303,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":380,"_145":381,"_35":292,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":380,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":382,"_157":-5},{"_101":371,"_98":36,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":372,"_145":373,"_35":210,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":372,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":374,"_157":-5},391,"15961194527.jpeg",{"_158":375,"_160":376,"_162":377,"_164":378,"_166":379},"Gilliams Community Garden Mobile Market","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/57je3a1qy90qaqs9iqj646sx2m4r","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/57je3a1qy90qaqs9iqj646sx2m4r?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/57je3a1qy90qaqs9iqj646sx2m4r?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/57je3a1qy90qaqs9iqj646sx2m4r?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/57je3a1qy90qaqs9iqj646sx2m4r?variant=lqip","15961192798.jpeg",{"_158":383,"_160":384,"_162":385,"_164":386,"_166":387},"Gilliam's Garden 4","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/g1y2ckiv1oojasxfm40i1j8rlvd4","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/g1y2ckiv1oojasxfm40i1j8rlvd4?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/g1y2ckiv1oojasxfm40i1j8rlvd4?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/g1y2ckiv1oojasxfm40i1j8rlvd4?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/g1y2ckiv1oojasxfm40i1j8rlvd4?variant=lqip",385,"15958612632.jpeg",{"_158":393,"_160":394,"_162":395,"_164":396,"_166":397},383,"Gilliam's Garden.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/3tl90kc8ty7uiftk8yjlnfg3i3we","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/3tl90kc8ty7uiftk8yjlnfg3i3we?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/3tl90kc8ty7uiftk8yjlnfg3i3we?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/3tl90kc8ty7uiftk8yjlnfg3i3we?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/3tl90kc8ty7uiftk8yjlnfg3i3we?variant=lqip",308,"Gilliams__2_.png",{"_158":403,"_160":404,"_162":405,"_164":406,"_166":407},312,"Gilliams (2).png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yeu8jaet1sdgbyaa37no6m7ofxy1","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yeu8jaet1sdgbyaa37no6m7ofxy1?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yeu8jaet1sdgbyaa37no6m7ofxy1?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yeu8jaet1sdgbyaa37no6m7ofxy1?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yeu8jaet1sdgbyaa37no6m7ofxy1?variant=lqip",307,"Gilliams__1_.png",{"_158":412,"_160":413,"_162":414,"_164":365,"_166":415},311,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/mz3ym8u8j2ir6w53lqd2qv8g8h44","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/mz3ym8u8j2ir6w53lqd2qv8g8h44?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/mz3ym8u8j2ir6w53lqd2qv8g8h44?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/mz3ym8u8j2ir6w53lqd2qv8g8h44?variant=lqip",160,"councilman-william-finch-elementary-school","Councilman William Finch Elementary School",{"_35":347,"_64":348,"_73":349},8,{"_35":486,"_64":487,"_73":488},209,"1114 Avon Ave SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

Finch Elementary School sits on the former site of formerly Ragsdale Elementary at the edge of Oakland City. In 1929, Oakland City School was renamed the Isaac. N. Ragsdale School was to honor Oakland City’s last independent mayor, elected in 1909. Ragsdale was a major developer in the area who, in addition to serving as OC mayor, later served as 10th Ward Alderman and Atlanta City Councilman. In 1926, he was elected as mayor of Atlanta and, absent opposition, he was reelected in 1928. The following year, the powerful developer and politician was implicated in a corruption scandal, but many institutions bore his name for most of the century. This school was among them from the time it was until 2005 when it was closed due to low enrollments.

For forty years, Ragsdale School was strictly segregated with admissions barred for black children. Integration began in the early 1970s, well after school desegregation had been mandated by the federal government. Apropos of this shift, when the school currently on this site was opened, it was christened William Finch Elementary School, in recognition of one of the first two African Americans elected to public office in the city. William Finch, elected to Atlanta City Council on December 7, 1870 ran on a platform that emphasized universal free education for all Atlantans. Born into slavery and, thus, forbidden a formal education as a child, Finch lobbied for the establishment of schools for black children and employment of qualified black teachers. Although he was not successful in creating free and equitable public schools in the midst of the racial animosity and violence that marked white southerners’ resistance to Reconstruction, he was largely responsible for developing a public school system. Additionally, he focused on providing clean water and rebuilding roads destroyed by the war. Despite his popularity with residents of the Fourth Ward, which he represented, he was pushed from office after a system of city-wide elections was instituted to remove blacks from elected office. Another African American would not be elected to City Council until 1953, after 80 years of voting rights activism.

",33.72186488,-84.42469044,[436,437,438,439],"Finch Elementary School sits on the former site of formerly Ragsdale Elementary at the edge of Oakland City. In 1929, Oakland City School was renamed the Isaac. N. Ragsdale School was to honor Oakland City’s last independent mayor, elected in 1909. Ragsdale was a major developer in the area who, in addition to serving as OC mayor, later served as 10th Ward Alderman and Atlanta City Councilman. In 1926, he was elected as mayor of Atlanta and, absent opposition, he was reelected in 1928. The following year, the powerful developer and politician was implicated in a corruption scandal, but many institutions bore his name for most of the century. This school was among them from the time it was until 2005 when it was closed due to low enrollments. For forty years, Ragsdale School was strictly segregated with admissions barred for black children. Integration began in the early 1970s, well after school desegregation had been mandated by the federal government. Apropos of this shift, when the school currently on this site was opened, it was christened William Finch Elementary School, in recognition of one of the first two African Americans elected to public office in the city. William Finch, elected to Atlanta City Council on December 7, 1870 ran on a platform that emphasized universal free education for all Atlantans. Born into slavery and, thus, forbidden a formal education as a child, Finch lobbied for the establishment of schools for black children and employment of qualified black teachers. Although he was not successful in creating free and equitable public schools in the midst of the racial animosity and violence that marked white southerners’ resistance to Reconstruction, he was largely responsible for developing a public school system. Additionally, he focused on providing clean water and rebuilding roads destroyed by the war. Despite his popularity with residents of the Fourth Ward, which he represented, he was pushed from office after a system of city-wide elections was instituted to remove blacks from elected office. Another African American would not be elected to City Council until 1953, after 80 years of voting rights activism.",[134,434,435,417],{"_73":432,"_131":117,"_132":433},[],"William Finch Elementary ","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ya6d6jyjlmpjxv728y1s31nkf8un?variant=desktop","ragsdale-elementary-finch-elementary","finch-elementary",{"_101":411,"_98":24,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":479,"_145":480,"_35":481,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":479,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":432,"_157":117},{"_101":464,"_98":138,"_131":465,"_139":466,"_141":467,"_142":468,"_143":469,"_145":470,"_35":464,"_148":36,"_149":172,"_151":469,"_152":471,"_154":472,"_73":473,"_157":468},{"_101":451,"_98":317,"_131":-5,"_139":452,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":453,"_145":454,"_35":455,"_148":-5,"_149":456,"_151":453,"_152":153,"_154":457,"_73":458,"_157":-5},{"_101":147,"_98":303,"_131":-5,"_139":440,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":441,"_145":442,"_35":247,"_148":-5,"_149":443,"_151":441,"_152":153,"_154":444,"_73":445,"_157":-5},828,"15967564766.jpeg",{"_158":446,"_160":447,"_162":448,"_164":449,"_166":450},166,414,"Copy of IID.003William Finch.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/v4seuy7mmje7yfximwqurr5swnl9","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/v4seuy7mmje7yfximwqurr5swnl9?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/v4seuy7mmje7yfximwqurr5swnl9?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/v4seuy7mmje7yfximwqurr5swnl9?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/v4seuy7mmje7yfximwqurr5swnl9?variant=lqip",398,962,"15962038948.png",{"_158":459,"_160":460,"_162":461,"_164":462,"_166":463},396,192,481,"William Finch Oakland Foundation Screengrab.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e1lqnoakwaxlsdkosgj9h1r7mrmi","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e1lqnoakwaxlsdkosgj9h1r7mrmi?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e1lqnoakwaxlsdkosgj9h1r7mrmi?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e1lqnoakwaxlsdkosgj9h1r7mrmi?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e1lqnoakwaxlsdkosgj9h1r7mrmi?variant=lqip",410,"The Atlanta History Center, together with project partners WAWA, Oakland City Community Organization, and the Bush Mountain Neighborhood Association, invites you to explore the past and present sites in Oakland City and Bush Mountain, two distinct neighborhoods with intertwined histories. Join us to explore the rich history and experience the hidden gems scattered around the neighborhoods. This brief video showcases the perspectives of residents and project partners on just why these two neighborhoods are so valuable to the fabric of Atlanta. \n \nTour Link: https://opentour.emory.edu/atlanta-history-center/oakland-city-bush-mountain-history-tour",480,"//www.youtube.com/embed/7EChjm02Dfw","7EChjm02Dfw","7EChjm02Dfw.jpg",{"_158":474,"_160":475,"_162":476,"_164":477,"_166":478},"youtube",400,"Oakland City & Bush Mountain History Tour Project: William Finch Monologue","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ewmhhaubuec8wu2tasctd5le3g1r","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ewmhhaubuec8wu2tasctd5le3g1r?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ewmhhaubuec8wu2tasctd5le3g1r?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ewmhhaubuec8wu2tasctd5le3g1r?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ewmhhaubuec8wu2tasctd5le3g1r?variant=lqip","Finch.png",{"_158":482,"_160":483,"_162":484,"_164":433,"_166":485},315,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ya6d6jyjlmpjxv728y1s31nkf8un","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ya6d6jyjlmpjxv728y1s31nkf8un?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ya6d6jyjlmpjxv728y1s31nkf8un?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ya6d6jyjlmpjxv728y1s31nkf8un?variant=lqip",163,"wither-s-house","Wither's House",{"_35":416,"_64":417,"_73":418},7,{"_35":522,"_64":523,"_73":524},212,"1177 Avon Ave, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

In 1905, the Withers House was the first home built on this Oakland City block. At the time, Oakland City was a municipality separate from Atlanta and the Withers House became its most prominent landmark. The four-square building is a contributing structure in the Oakland City Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Despite its significance, the home was demolished in 2005. The empty lot, which still shows evidence of the house foundation and front stairs, is owned by Cathedral of Faith Church of God in Christ which is located to the east on Avon Avenue.

THE NEXT STOP IS ACROSS THE STREET. TURN TO FACE SOUTH.

",33.72294,-84.426331,[504,505],"In 1905, the Withers House was the first home built on this Oakland City block. At the time, Oakland City was a municipality separate from Atlanta and the Withers House became its most prominent landmark. The four-square building is a contributing structure in the Oakland City Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Despite its significance, the home was demolished in 2005. The empty lot, which still shows evidence of the house foundation and front stairs, is owned by Cathedral of Faith Church of God in Christ which is located to the east on Avon Avenue. THE NEXT STOP IS ACROSS THE STREET. TURN TO FACE SOUTH.",[134,487],{"_73":502,"_131":-5,"_132":503},[],"Wither's House Lot","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/m5jf010csz96eegclghmvo4lkflp?variant=desktop",{"_101":391,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":515,"_145":516,"_35":517,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":515,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":502,"_157":-5},{"_101":506,"_98":317,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":507,"_145":508,"_35":509,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":507,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":488,"_157":117},317,"Withers_House.gif",{"_158":510,"_160":511,"_162":512,"_164":513,"_166":514},321,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ly6ia3qb3nvpgxt8yydsxshea0ka","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ly6ia3qb3nvpgxt8yydsxshea0ka?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ly6ia3qb3nvpgxt8yydsxshea0ka?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ly6ia3qb3nvpgxt8yydsxshea0ka?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ly6ia3qb3nvpgxt8yydsxshea0ka?variant=lqip","15958610441.jpeg",{"_158":518,"_160":519,"_162":520,"_164":503,"_166":521},381,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/m5jf010csz96eegclghmvo4lkflp","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/m5jf010csz96eegclghmvo4lkflp?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/m5jf010csz96eegclghmvo4lkflp?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/m5jf010csz96eegclghmvo4lkflp?variant=lqip",162,"madea-s-house","Madea's House",{"_35":486,"_64":487,"_73":488},{"_35":557,"_64":558,"_73":559},211,"1197 Avon Ave SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

This two-story Victorian home at the corner of Oakland Drive and Avon Avenue is the fictional home of filmmaker Tyler Perry’s Madea character. Featured in movies including Diary of a Mad Black Woman and Madea's Witness Protection, this location is something of a local tourist attraction though the six bedroom building is no longer used for Perry’s productions. The house was sold to a resident-owner in 2019 and Tyler Perry Studios, located just outside of Oakland City at Fort McPherson, has created a replica for film shoots.

THE NEXT STOP IS ONE PROPERTY TO THE EAST (DRIVE STRAIGHT ABOUT 20 FEET OR WALK TO YOUR RIGHT)

",33.7225642,-84.4271959,[538,539],"This two-story Victorian home at the corner of Oakland Drive and Avon Avenue is the fictional home of filmmaker Tyler Perry’s Madea character. Featured in movies including Diary of a Mad Black Woman and Madea's Witness Protection, this location is something of a local tourist attraction though the six bedroom building is no longer used for Perry’s productions. The house was sold to a resident-owner in 2019 and Tyler Perry Studios, located just outside of Oakland City at Fort McPherson, has created a replica for film shoots. THE NEXT STOP IS ONE PROPERTY TO THE EAST (DRIVE STRAIGHT ABOUT 20 FEET OR WALK TO YOUR RIGHT)",[134,523],{"_73":524,"_131":117,"_132":537},[],"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/8td2afxoz6ce51walz8z356s689a?variant=desktop",{"_101":549,"_98":24,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":550,"_145":551,"_35":552,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":550,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":524,"_157":117},{"_101":481,"_98":138,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":540,"_145":541,"_35":542,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":540,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":543,"_157":117},"madeas_house_2.jpg",{"_158":544,"_160":545,"_162":546,"_164":547,"_166":548},319,"Madea's House Movie Shot","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yiciv2005p0udsc4haqr2plnhmvm","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yiciv2005p0udsc4haqr2plnhmvm?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yiciv2005p0udsc4haqr2plnhmvm?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yiciv2005p0udsc4haqr2plnhmvm?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/yiciv2005p0udsc4haqr2plnhmvm?variant=lqip",316,"madeas_house_3.jpg",{"_158":553,"_160":554,"_162":555,"_164":537,"_166":556},320,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/8td2afxoz6ce51walz8z356s689a","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/8td2afxoz6ce51walz8z356s689a?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/8td2afxoz6ce51walz8z356s689a?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/8td2afxoz6ce51walz8z356s689a?variant=lqip",155,"community-baseball-field-and-atlanta-black-crackers","Community Baseball Field and Atlanta Black Crackers ",{"_35":522,"_64":523,"_73":524},{"_35":648,"_64":649,"_73":650},204,"1410 Bridges Ave SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

The Atlanta Black Crackers were a black minor league baseball franchise that played in the Negro Southern League between 1920 and 1951. Originally named the Cubs, they were informally dubbed the Black Crackers because the city’s white team was called the Atlanta Crackers. They played home games under segregated conditions at the historic Ponce de Leon Park ballfield (located just east of Ponce de Leon and Glen Iris) and “barnstormed” on the road--playing other Negro Leagues teams at ballparks, agricultural fields, and brownfield lots throughout the country. Even under these difficult conditions, the team’s players are remembered fondly and their accomplishments are noteworthy. They went to the championships in 1938 and boasted All Star players including Joe Greene, Pee Eye” Butts, and James “Red” Moore. Ironically, racial integration in the National Leagues provided opportunities for players and fans that ultimately led to the demise of the Negro Leagues.

In the 1940s, this baseball field was created down the hill from the Hartnett School. The land had been a used as dumping ground for wire spindles discarded by an electric company but residents cleaned it up and claimed the space for community benefit. Neighbors regularly used the space to play baseball and the Atlanta Black Crackers often used it as their practice field. There were no fences or bleachers so spectators relaxed in the grass while children busied themselves chasing foul balls.

The field is now a nature preserve under the management of WAWA (West Atlanta Watershed Alliance).

",33.7265494,-84.4328689,[575,576,577,578,579,580,581],"The Atlanta Black Crackers were a black minor league baseball franchise that played in the Negro Southern League between 1920 and 1951. Originally named the Cubs, they were informally dubbed the Black Crackers because the city’s white team was called the Atlanta Crackers. They played home games under segregated conditions at the historic Ponce de Leon Park ballfield (located just east of Ponce de Leon and Glen Iris) and “barnstormed” on the road--playing other Negro Leagues teams at ballparks, agricultural fields, and brownfield lots throughout the country. Even under these difficult conditions, the team’s players are remembered fondly and their accomplishments are noteworthy. They went to the championships in 1938 and boasted All Star players including Joe Greene, Pee Eye” Butts, and James “Red” Moore. Ironically, racial integration in the National Leagues provided opportunities for players and fans that ultimately led to the demise of the Negro Leagues. In the 1940s, this baseball field was created down the hill from the Hartnett School. The land had been a used as dumping ground for wire spindles discarded by an electric company but residents cleaned it up and claimed the space for community benefit. Neighbors regularly used the space to play baseball and the Atlanta Black Crackers often used it as their practice field. There were no fences or bleachers so spectators relaxed in the grass while children busied themselves chasing foul balls. The field is now a nature preserve under the management of WAWA (West Atlanta Watershed Alliance).",[134,574,558],{"_73":572,"_131":-5,"_132":573},[],"Black Crackers Practice Field.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/69apvhy6p6ejvfdlln7c41exb2li?variant=desktop","community-baseball-field",{"_101":641,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":642,"_145":643,"_35":371,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":642,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":572,"_157":-5},{"_101":632,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":633,"_145":634,"_35":472,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":633,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":635,"_157":-5},{"_101":621,"_98":317,"_131":465,"_139":466,"_141":622,"_142":623,"_143":624,"_145":625,"_35":621,"_148":36,"_149":172,"_151":624,"_152":471,"_154":472,"_73":626,"_157":623},{"_101":593,"_98":303,"_131":117,"_139":610,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":611,"_145":612,"_35":398,"_148":-5,"_149":613,"_151":611,"_152":153,"_154":614,"_73":615,"_157":117},{"_101":600,"_98":36,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":601,"_145":602,"_35":603,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":601,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":604,"_157":117},{"_101":172,"_98":279,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":591,"_145":592,"_35":593,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":591,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":594,"_157":117},{"_101":472,"_98":490,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":582,"_145":583,"_35":584,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":582,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":585,"_157":-5},"15965233426.png",{"_158":586,"_160":587,"_162":588,"_164":589,"_166":590},399,"Atlanta Black Crackers","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/5k4h1atb4jaov9hytuxi962zscvy","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/5k4h1atb4jaov9hytuxi962zscvy?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/5k4h1atb4jaov9hytuxi962zscvy?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/5k4h1atb4jaov9hytuxi962zscvy?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/5k4h1atb4jaov9hytuxi962zscvy?variant=lqip","Community_Baseball_Field__2_.png",{"_158":595,"_160":596,"_162":597,"_164":598,"_166":599},304,"Community Baseball Field (2).png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hv2rrru8mk32njoiyltohp156b0h","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hv2rrru8mk32njoiyltohp156b0h?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hv2rrru8mk32njoiyltohp156b0h?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hv2rrru8mk32njoiyltohp156b0h?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hv2rrru8mk32njoiyltohp156b0h?variant=lqip",299,"Community_Baseball_Field_1_.png",{"_158":605,"_160":606,"_162":607,"_164":608,"_166":609},303,"Community Baseball Field(1).png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/0d5mzgjq9crd6ycc7zh2p8r1fi82","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/0d5mzgjq9crd6ycc7zh2p8r1fi82?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/0d5mzgjq9crd6ycc7zh2p8r1fi82?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/0d5mzgjq9crd6ycc7zh2p8r1fi82?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/0d5mzgjq9crd6ycc7zh2p8r1fi82?variant=lqip",1165,"Community_Baseball_Field__6_.png",{"_158":616,"_160":617,"_162":618,"_164":619,"_166":620},233,582,"Community Baseball Field Project Proposal.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/awq5ptb17wjw81jy3wzvno3r3euj","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/awq5ptb17wjw81jy3wzvno3r3euj?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/awq5ptb17wjw81jy3wzvno3r3euj?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/awq5ptb17wjw81jy3wzvno3r3euj?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/awq5ptb17wjw81jy3wzvno3r3euj?variant=lqip",411,"//www.youtube.com/embed/YKLC_S77Rgs","YKLC_S77Rgs","YKLC_S77Rgs.jpg",{"_158":627,"_160":628,"_162":629,"_164":630,"_166":631},"Oakland City & Bush Mountain History Tour Project: Red Moore Monologue","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2txx4oxlemfen0cx1ecr9zkdp9oz","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2txx4oxlemfen0cx1ecr9zkdp9oz?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2txx4oxlemfen0cx1ecr9zkdp9oz?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2txx4oxlemfen0cx1ecr9zkdp9oz?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2txx4oxlemfen0cx1ecr9zkdp9oz?variant=lqip",401,"15965233554.png",{"_158":636,"_160":637,"_162":638,"_164":639,"_166":640},"Black Crackers 3","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2htf732fw3u38yevekyxftbtek5e","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2htf732fw3u38yevekyxftbtek5e?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2htf732fw3u38yevekyxftbtek5e?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2htf732fw3u38yevekyxftbtek5e?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/2htf732fw3u38yevekyxftbtek5e?variant=lqip",393,"15961205637.jpeg",{"_158":644,"_160":645,"_162":646,"_164":573,"_166":647},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/69apvhy6p6ejvfdlln7c41exb2li","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/69apvhy6p6ejvfdlln7c41exb2li?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/69apvhy6p6ejvfdlln7c41exb2li?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/69apvhy6p6ejvfdlln7c41exb2li?variant=lqip",151,"hartnett-school-site-is-behind-outdoor-activity-center-and-preserve","Hartnett School (Site is behind Outdoor Activity Center and Preserve) ",{"_35":557,"_64":558,"_73":559},{"_35":703,"_64":704,"_73":705},200,"1410 Bridges Avenue SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

In 1917 African American children living in the tenth ward of Atlanta had to travel eight miles to attend elementary school. This changed in 1935 when the Reverend William Franklin Hartnett decided this distance was too great for the children of Bush Mountain to travel for an education. Rev. Hartnett recruited a teacher, Miss Sarah Almita Hill, to teach elementary aged children in the Ladd Street Methodist Church, with parents paying a fee of fifteen to twenty-five cents a week for her services. The school was so successful that when the Reverend approached the Atlanta Public School board in 1936 and proclaimed their achievement, the board relocated the school to the larger West Oakland Baptist Church, added another teacher and sent Miss Hill a check for services rendered.

In 1937, Bush Mountain School held its first class in West Oakland Baptist Church. In 1942, a portable gray two-room building was constructed at the top of Bush Mountain off Bridges Avenue. The school had no running water or modern conveniences, so older boys took turns bringing drinking water from a neighbors well and outhouses were constructed outside the building. Although the school appeared brand new, the lack of conveniences quickly became evident and was not much better than the school’s previous locations. Still, the teachers were dedicated and the families were supportive, doing the best they were able in the face of Atlanta Public School System’s (APS) refusal to invest in public education for non-whites.

Unlike nearby Ragsdale Elementary School, which was reserved for whites and funded by tax dollars, the Hartnett School raised operational costs from community residents. The teachers’ salaries were levied as a weekly charge to parents, who often made building repairs themselves. Reverend Hartnett lobbied to get the school incorporated into the Atlanta Public School System after it began devoted facilities to educate black children. When Ragsdale Elementary finally began to substantially integrate in 1973 after Oakland City’s population became predominantly African American, Hartnett students moved there. The former school building was converted into an outdoor facility that burned down in 1975. The Harnett-Oakland City Community Garden now occupies the former academic space where local youth can engage, learn, and continue Atlanta’s extensive vegetable garden history.

PLEASE WALK TO THE NEXT LOCATION. GO THROUGH GATES AT THE BACK OF THE GARDEN.

",[665,666,667,668],"In 1917 African American children living in the tenth ward of Atlanta had to travel eight miles to attend elementary school. This changed in 1935 when the Reverend William Franklin Hartnett decided this distance was too great for the children of Bush Mountain to travel for an education. Rev. Hartnett recruited a teacher, Miss Sarah Almita Hill, to teach elementary aged children in the Ladd Street Methodist Church, with parents paying a fee of fifteen to twenty-five cents a week for her services. The school was so successful that when the Reverend approached the Atlanta Public School board in 1936 and proclaimed their achievement, the board relocated the school to the larger West Oakland Baptist Church, added another teacher and sent Miss Hill a check for services rendered. In 1937, Bush Mountain School held its first class in West Oakland Baptist Church. In 1942, a portable gray two-room building was constructed at the top of Bush Mountain off Bridges Avenue. The school had no running water or modern conveniences, so older boys took turns bringing drinking water from a neighbors well and outhouses were constructed outside the building. Although the school appeared brand new, the lack of conveniences quickly became evident and was not much better than the school’s previous locations. Still, the teachers were dedicated and the families were supportive, doing the best they were able in the face of Atlanta Public School System’s (APS) refusal to invest in public education for non-whites. Unlike nearby Ragsdale Elementary School, which was reserved for whites and funded by tax dollars, the Hartnett School raised operational costs from community residents. The teachers’ salaries were levied as a weekly charge to parents, who often made building repairs themselves. Reverend Hartnett lobbied to get the school incorporated into the Atlanta Public School System after it began devoted facilities to educate black children. When Ragsdale Elementary finally began to substantially integrate in 1973 after Oakland City’s population became predominantly African American, Hartnett students moved there. The former school building was converted into an outdoor facility that burned down in 1975. The Harnett-Oakland City Community Garden now occupies the former academic space where local youth can engage, learn, and continue Atlanta’s extensive vegetable garden history. PLEASE WALK TO THE NEXT LOCATION. GO THROUGH GATES AT THE BACK OF THE GARDEN.",[134,663,664,649],{"_73":661,"_131":-5,"_132":662},[],"Hartnett School Sign .JPG","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/483cniu3h591qq1aunfilgyslzb8?variant=desktop","harnett-school","hartnett-school",{"_101":455,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":697,"_145":698,"_35":688,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":697,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":661,"_157":-5},{"_101":688,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":689,"_145":690,"_35":200,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":689,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":691,"_157":-5},{"_101":678,"_98":317,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":679,"_145":680,"_35":681,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":679,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":682,"_157":117},{"_101":320,"_98":303,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":669,"_145":670,"_35":671,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":669,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":672,"_157":117},"Harnett_School_Interior.png",{"_158":673,"_160":674,"_162":675,"_164":676,"_166":677},295,"Hartnett School Interior.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/1emb1umg793ixv70ux02nj5xt3m6","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/1emb1umg793ixv70ux02nj5xt3m6?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/1emb1umg793ixv70ux02nj5xt3m6?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/1emb1umg793ixv70ux02nj5xt3m6?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/1emb1umg793ixv70ux02nj5xt3m6?variant=lqip",290,"Harnett_School_Exterior.png",{"_158":683,"_160":684,"_162":685,"_164":686,"_166":687},294,"Harnett School Exterior.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/er2jpmztrcqv85jmd6bp501ikdao","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/er2jpmztrcqv85jmd6bp501ikdao?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/er2jpmztrcqv85jmd6bp501ikdao?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/er2jpmztrcqv85jmd6bp501ikdao?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/er2jpmztrcqv85jmd6bp501ikdao?variant=lqip",394,"15961208337.jpeg",{"_158":692,"_160":693,"_162":694,"_164":695,"_166":696},"Hartnett School and Community Garden .jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/6ual6c2hymylun4lc9743fj8m5ov","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/6ual6c2hymylun4lc9743fj8m5ov?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/6ual6c2hymylun4lc9743fj8m5ov?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/6ual6c2hymylun4lc9743fj8m5ov?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/6ual6c2hymylun4lc9743fj8m5ov?variant=lqip","15962037749.jpeg",{"_158":699,"_160":700,"_162":701,"_164":662,"_166":702},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/483cniu3h591qq1aunfilgyslzb8","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/483cniu3h591qq1aunfilgyslzb8?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/483cniu3h591qq1aunfilgyslzb8?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/483cniu3h591qq1aunfilgyslzb8?variant=lqip",153,"west-oakland-missionary-baptist-church-bridges-avenue","West Oakland Missionary Baptist Church & Bridges Avenue",{"_35":648,"_64":649,"_73":650},{"_35":738,"_64":739,"_73":740},202,"1025 Violet St SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","

Opening on September 4, 1910, upon the intersections of Avon Ave and Lee Street, the church began as a small five-room cottage. Sunday School services provided the community youth with more than just Biblical tales and lessons, as the church established itself as a central community hub. In September 1931, worshippers convened in a new building at 1025 Violet Street. It was devoted entirely to the church and marks an important anniversary. The church experienced various location changes that reflected the community’s transforming demographics, including a post-white-flight relocation in the 1970s to 1093 Arlington Ave SW. Despite these changes, West Oakland Baptist Church has been a bedrock in this community, lending facilities to house Bush Mountain Elementary School, Bush Mountain Civic Club, and a variety of other community causes and needs.

Bridges Avenue

Neighborhood residents believe that this street is named for Reverend Charles Henry Bridges and his family. A property developer for African Americans building homes at the turn of the 20th century, Bridges was listed as a resident of this street in the 1910 census. In the 1908 City Directory, several Bridges family members are noted as local residents. Specifically, land records suggest that John and Georgia Bridges--perhaps Charles’s parents lived on this street shortly after the Civil War. In the mid-1870s, Mr. and Mrs. John Bridges hosted Methodist congregants for worship in their home. Some of those parishioners went on to form Warren Memorial UMC (now on Joseph Lowery Boulevard). The Bridges were central to community life in Bush Mountain and Bridges Avenue was always a main street in the small historically-black enclave.

",33.72685,-84.431565,[721,722],"Opening on September 4, 1910, upon the intersections of Avon Ave and Lee Street, the church began as a small five-room cottage. Sunday School services provided the community youth with more than just Biblical tales and lessons, as the church established itself as a central community hub. In September 1931, worshippers convened in a new building at 1025 Violet Street. It was devoted entirely to the church and marks an important anniversary. The church experienced various location changes that reflected the community’s transforming demographics, including a post-white-flight relocation in the 1970s to 1093 Arlington Ave SW. Despite these changes, West Oakland Baptist Church has been a bedrock in this community, lending facilities to house Bush Mountain Elementary School, Bush Mountain Civic Club, and a variety of other community causes and needs. Bridges AvenueNeighborhood residents believe that this street is named for Reverend Charles Henry Bridges and his family. A property developer for African Americans building homes at the turn of the 20th century, Bridges was listed as a resident of this street in the 1910 census. In the 1908 City Directory, several Bridges family members are noted as local residents. Specifically, land records suggest that John and Georgia Bridges--perhaps Charles’s parents lived on this street shortly after the Civil War. In the mid-1870s, Mr. and Mrs. John Bridges hosted Methodist congregants for worship in their home. Some of those parishioners went on to form Warren Memorial UMC (now on Joseph Lowery Boulevard). The Bridges were central to community life in Bush Mountain and Bridges Avenue was always a main street in the small historically-black enclave.",[134,720,704],{"_73":718,"_131":117,"_132":719},[],"West Oakland Church.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hblu86b33bxlumneda2o8h91s9o7?variant=desktop","west-oakland-missionary-baptist-church",{"_101":671,"_98":24,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":732,"_145":733,"_35":600,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":732,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":718,"_157":117},{"_101":240,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":723,"_145":724,"_35":725,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":723,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":726,"_157":-5},"15965470635.jpeg",{"_158":727,"_160":728,"_162":729,"_164":730,"_166":731},403,"West Oakland Baptist Church.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e070gkcrutt8bz4prhyp0oppom2h","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e070gkcrutt8bz4prhyp0oppom2h?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e070gkcrutt8bz4prhyp0oppom2h?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e070gkcrutt8bz4prhyp0oppom2h?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/e070gkcrutt8bz4prhyp0oppom2h?variant=lqip","West_Oakland_Church.png",{"_158":734,"_160":735,"_162":736,"_164":719,"_166":737},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hblu86b33bxlumneda2o8h91s9o7","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hblu86b33bxlumneda2o8h91s9o7?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hblu86b33bxlumneda2o8h91s9o7?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/hblu86b33bxlumneda2o8h91s9o7?variant=lqip",152,"fairfield-baptist-church-of-worship-inc-formerly-ladd-street-methodist-church","Fairfield Baptist Church of Worship, Inc. (Formerly Ladd Street Methodist Church)",{"_35":703,"_64":704,"_73":705},{"_35":794,"_64":18,"_73":795},201,"1230 Ladd St SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA","Ladd Street Methodist Church (also known as the Oakland City United Methodist Church) opened its doors in 1899. From its inception, it was a community gathering place and vital resource, offering educational programs to area youth, recreational trips, and free meals. In 1935, Reverend William Franklin Hartnett led the local black community in establishing a school in the church. Records suggest that the original building was substantially renovated in the 1950s. Despite dwindling funds and membership by the 1970s, the church continued to serve the neighborhood long after the racial makeup and economic needs of the community shifted. Residents say it earned a reputation for being a “pinnacle of positivity” until its closure in 1973. Several years later, the building reopened as the Fairfield Baptist Church of Worship.",33.727172,-84.4275446,[756,757,758,759],"Ladd Street Methodist Church (also known as the Oakland City United Methodist Church) opened its doors in 1899. From its inception, it was a community gathering place and vital resource, offering educational programs to area youth, recreational trips, and free meals. In 1935, Reverend William Franklin Hartnett led the local black community in establishing a school in the church. Records suggest that the original building was substantially renovated in the 1950s. Despite dwindling funds and membership by the 1970s, the church continued to serve the neighborhood long after the racial makeup and economic needs of the community shifted. Residents say it earned a reputation for being a “pinnacle of positivity” until its closure in 1973. Several years later, the building reopened as the Fairfield Baptist Church of Worship.",[134,755,739],{"_73":753,"_131":-5,"_132":754},[],"Fairfield Baptist.JPG","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/fzsb1p0uf22rwnxdosxf80ka7zp3?variant=desktop","ladd-street-methodist-church",{"_101":283,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":788,"_145":789,"_35":641,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":788,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":753,"_157":-5},{"_101":778,"_98":138,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":779,"_145":780,"_35":781,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":779,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":782,"_157":-5},{"_101":517,"_98":317,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":769,"_145":770,"_35":771,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":769,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":772,"_157":-5},{"_101":725,"_98":303,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":760,"_145":761,"_35":762,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":760,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":763,"_157":-5},"15965443470.jpeg",{"_158":764,"_160":765,"_162":766,"_164":767,"_166":768},402,"Ladd Street.JPG","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/zo042uxkk3fx463g7phpcexczqup","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/zo042uxkk3fx463g7phpcexczqup?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/zo042uxkk3fx463g7phpcexczqup?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/zo042uxkk3fx463g7phpcexczqup?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/zo042uxkk3fx463g7phpcexczqup?variant=lqip","15958598260.jpeg",{"_158":773,"_160":774,"_162":775,"_164":776,"_166":777},379,"Ladd Street Cornerstone.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rex6lsu2a15bwc6z2civl0ovqc0k","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rex6lsu2a15bwc6z2civl0ovqc0k?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rex6lsu2a15bwc6z2civl0ovqc0k?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rex6lsu2a15bwc6z2civl0ovqc0k?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/rex6lsu2a15bwc6z2civl0ovqc0k?variant=lqip",380,"15958598163.jpeg",{"_158":783,"_160":784,"_162":785,"_164":786,"_166":787},378,"Fairfield Baptist (Ladd) with street signs","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ttmd6lpgtxk22fok289qza0uegfh","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ttmd6lpgtxk22fok289qza0uegfh?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ttmd6lpgtxk22fok289qza0uegfh?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ttmd6lpgtxk22fok289qza0uegfh?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/ttmd6lpgtxk22fok289qza0uegfh?variant=lqip","15962037373.jpeg",{"_158":790,"_160":791,"_162":792,"_164":754,"_166":793},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/fzsb1p0uf22rwnxdosxf80ka7zp3","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/fzsb1p0uf22rwnxdosxf80ka7zp3?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/fzsb1p0uf22rwnxdosxf80ka7zp3?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/fzsb1p0uf22rwnxdosxf80ka7zp3?variant=lqip",149,"West Atlanta Watershed Alliance (WAWA) Outdoor Activity Center",{"_35":738,"_64":739,"_73":740},198,"1442 Richland RD SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA","

Founded in 1995, the West Atlanta Watershed Alliance (WAWA) works diligently to combat and resolve environmental injustices surrounding the community’s natural resources. WAWA is also committed to educate the Atlanta community about the importance of conserving its natural resources. Since it was granted stewardship over the Bush Mountain Forest, WAWA has been at the forefront of conserving some of Georgia’s eldest wildlife and dedicates its mission to the restoration and beautification of West Atlanta.",33.7303108,-84.4349276,[812,813,814],"Founded in 1995, WAWA emerged not only to diligently resolve and combat environmental injustices surrounding the community’s natural resources, but to educate the Atlanta community on the importance of conserving its natural resources. Since its granted stewardship over the Bush Mountain Forest, WAWA has been at the forefront of conserving some of Georgia’s eldest wildlife and dedicates its mission to the restoration and beautification of West Atlanta. ","Founded in 1995, the West Atlanta Watershed Alliance (WAWA) works diligently to combat and resolve environmental injustices surrounding the community’s natural resources. WAWA is also committed to educate the Atlanta community about the importance of conserving its natural resources. Since it was granted stewardship over the Bush Mountain Forest, WAWA has been at the forefront of conserving some of Georgia’s eldest wildlife and dedicates its mission to the restoration and beautification of West Atlanta.",[134,810,811,18],{"_73":808,"_131":117,"_132":809},[],"WAWA logo.png","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/7vqjd3s8r3k9l2l2hz5e1ppbauj5?variant=desktop","west-atlanta-watershed-alliance-wawa","west-atlanta-watershed-alliance-outdoor-activity-center",{"_101":401,"_98":24,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":831,"_145":832,"_35":549,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":831,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":808,"_157":117},{"_101":150,"_98":138,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":824,"_145":825,"_35":316,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":824,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":824,"_157":117},{"_101":331,"_98":317,"_131":117,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":117,"_143":815,"_145":816,"_35":817,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":815,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":818,"_157":117},"Kids_at_WAWA.jpg",{"_158":819,"_160":820,"_162":821,"_164":822,"_166":823},293,"Kids at WAWA.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/9an47lbj0isixsnfyh2npsolw99d","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/9an47lbj0isixsnfyh2npsolw99d?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/9an47lbj0isixsnfyh2npsolw99d?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/9an47lbj0isixsnfyh2npsolw99d?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/9an47lbj0isixsnfyh2npsolw99d?variant=lqip","WAWA.jpg",{"_158":826,"_160":827,"_162":828,"_164":829,"_166":830},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i24gfg7qx4c94yq7ar12z9xeqzmg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i24gfg7qx4c94yq7ar12z9xeqzmg?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i24gfg7qx4c94yq7ar12z9xeqzmg?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i24gfg7qx4c94yq7ar12z9xeqzmg?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/i24gfg7qx4c94yq7ar12z9xeqzmg?variant=lqip","WAWA_logo.png",{"_158":833,"_160":834,"_162":835,"_164":809,"_166":836},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/7vqjd3s8r3k9l2l2hz5e1ppbauj5","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/7vqjd3s8r3k9l2l2hz5e1ppbauj5?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/7vqjd3s8r3k9l2l2hz5e1ppbauj5?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/7vqjd3s8r3k9l2l2hz5e1ppbauj5?variant=lqip","atl-connect-oakland-city-bush-mtn","ahc-neighborhood-initiative-oakland-city-bush-mountain","0001 7.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/uunlzpwfegbasf4hxzir642w1rvp?variant=desktop",{"_101":24,"_35":24,"_73":848},{"_101":138,"_35":138,"_73":847},{"_101":317,"_35":317,"_73":846},{"_101":303,"_35":303,"_73":845},"WALKING","TRANSIT","DRIVING","BICYCLING",{"_101":222,"_98":24,"_131":-5,"_139":169,"_141":-5,"_142":-5,"_143":861,"_145":862,"_35":451,"_148":-5,"_149":172,"_151":861,"_152":153,"_154":173,"_73":839,"_157":-5},{"_101":182,"_98":138,"_131":465,"_139":466,"_141":851,"_142":852,"_143":853,"_145":854,"_35":168,"_148":36,"_149":172,"_151":853,"_152":471,"_154":472,"_73":855,"_157":852},"//www.youtube.com/embed/xoEGbYoAuPI","xoEGbYoAuPI","xoEGbYoAuPI.jpg",{"_158":856,"_160":857,"_162":858,"_164":859,"_166":860},"Oakland City & Bush Mountain History Tour Project","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/wl2iea2xhprbmcyvyzgnmyxky6wp","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/wl2iea2xhprbmcyvyzgnmyxky6wp?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/wl2iea2xhprbmcyvyzgnmyxky6wp?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/wl2iea2xhprbmcyvyzgnmyxky6wp?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/wl2iea2xhprbmcyvyzgnmyxky6wp?variant=lqip","15965228117.jpeg",{"_158":863,"_160":864,"_162":865,"_164":840,"_166":866},"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/uunlzpwfegbasf4hxzir642w1rvp","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/uunlzpwfegbasf4hxzir642w1rvp?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/uunlzpwfegbasf4hxzir642w1rvp?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-history-center/v4/public/media/uunlzpwfegbasf4hxzir642w1rvp?variant=lqip","south",33.7170574,"north",33.7317834,"east",-84.42341079500001,"west",-84.43620724499999,"centerLat",33.7244204,"centerLng",-84.42980902,"external_url","footer_logo","name","logo_url","notes","subdir","tourSet",{"_35":893,"_79":894,"_895":896,"_897":898},"request",{"_889":890,"_891":892},"protocol","http","host","atlanta-history-center.opentour.site","10","tour_sets","attributes",{"_881":72,"_884":10,"_903":904,"_905":906,"_882":-5,"_907":908},"relationships",{"_899":900},"admins",{"_901":902},"data",[],"published_tours",[930,931,932],"mapable_tours",[917,918,919],"logo",{"_881":907,"_909":910},"record",{"_35":258,"_881":72,"_911":912,"_913":912,"_884":10,"_914":-5,"_879":-5,"_883":-5,"_880":-5,"_915":-5,"_916":-5,"_31":-5},"created_at","2019-04-29T14:26:30.135Z","updated_at","tour_id","base_sixty_four","logo_title",{"_73":74,"_64":16,"_922":929},{"_73":926,"_64":927,"_922":928},{"_73":920,"_64":921,"_922":923},"Mi Gente: Un Tour Guiado","mi-gente-un-tour-guiado","center",{"_112":924,"_114":925},33.8413428,-84.3265121,"Mi Gente: A Guided Tour","mi-gente-a-guided-tour",{"_112":924,"_114":925},{"_112":876,"_114":878},{"_73":74,"_64":16,"_933":936},{"_73":926,"_64":927,"_933":935},{"_73":920,"_64":921,"_933":934},"location",{"_112":924,"_114":925},{"_112":924,"_114":925},{"_112":876,"_114":878}]